This work is also available freely online at https://doi.org/10.60865/acrm-d468.
Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management is an Open Education Resource rooted in evidence synthesis and designed to enhance ACRM education and training. It reviews topics such as patient safety and human factors in anesthesia, system-based error management, human behavior, human factors science, and non-technical skills, communication, task management, leadership, and stress management, and diversity within complex adaptive systems. Together, the ACRM OER chapters provide anesthesia professionals with evidence-based tools and frameworks to strengthen individual and team performance during crises, promoting safer, more effective anesthesia care.
Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management Copyright © 2026 by Jiale (Gary) Hu; Suzanne M Wright; Chloe Gomez; Diana R. Dela Cruz; Michael Davidson; and Alfreda Harder is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.60865/acrm-d468
Jiale (Gary) Hu, PhD, RN, FAAN is the Associate Professor and Director of Research and Global Outreach at the Virginia Commonwealth University Department of Nurse Anesthesia.
Suzanne M. Wright, PhD, CRNA, FAANA, CHSE, CPPS is an Associate Professor in the Ellmer School of Nursing at Old Dominion University and a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist practicing with Atlantic Anesthesia at Virginia Beach General Hospital.
Chloe Gomez, DNP, CRNA is an Assistant Clinical Professor in the Program of Nurse Anesthesia at the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing at the University of California, Davis.
Diana R. Dela Cruz, BA, MSW was a Resilience-Building Leadership Professional Coach (RBLP-C), Master Training Specialist, and Operational Risk Management Manager. She is currently a Research Fellow at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Michael Davidson, DNAP, CRNA, NRP, CHSE, CFRN(Ret) is an adjunct instructor in the Department of Nurse Anesthesia at Virginia Commonwealth University, and he practices anesthesia at the VCU Health System.
Alfreda Harder, MPH, BSN, RN, CCRN is a critical care nurse and researcher whose work bridges clinical practice and public health.